Painting the Path to Art Restitution in Red, White, and Blue: The American Judicial System's Pivotal Role in World War II Art Restitution

This thesis focuses on the United States' role in the restitution of art looted during World War II and its impact on the international art restitution field. The study analyzes the historical background of international art restitution and the unique position of the United States legal system. It highlights the complexities and challenges associated with the restitution of Nazi-looted art. The research examines two significant U.S. Supreme Court cases, Austria v. Altmann and Cassirer v. Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection Foundation, and the application of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA) to showcase the impact of the U.S. judicial system on global art restitution efforts. The thesis argues that the U.S. has played a crucial role in facilitating the return of stolen artworks to their rightful owners. While the effectiveness of the U.S. judicial system in influencing international restitution practices varies, the provision of avenues for individuals to pursue restitution marks a groundbreaking advancement. The analysis of these cases reveals the limitations and possibilities within the U.S. legal framework for addressing complex international restitution cases. By examining the international influence of U.S. court rulings and the ongoing challenges in the restitution of looted art, the study highlights the United States' significant and nuanced contribution to the global pursuit of justice for victims of art theft.