AN GAOḊAL
109
LESSONS IN GAELIC.
THE GAELIC ALPHABET.
Irish.
Roman.
Sound.
Irish.
Roman.
Sound.
a
a
aw
m
m
emm
b
b
bay
n
n
enn
c
c
kay
o
o
oh
d
d
dhay
p
p
pay
e
e
ay
r
r
arr
f
f
eff
s
s
ess
g
g
gay
t
t
thay
i
i
ee
u
u
oo
l
l
ell
XIV. LESSON. — Continued
Translation of Exercise 1.
1. Ḃ-fuil an ḃó ruaḋ, agus ḃ-fuil an
laoġ duḃ? 2. Ní ḃ fuil an ḃó ruaḋ aċt
tá sí buiḋe; agus ní ḃ-fuil an laoġ duḃ
aċt liaṫ agus fionn. 3. ḃ-fuil ann leanḃ
balḃ? 4. ní ḃ-fuil an leanḃ balḃ. 5
an ḃ-fuil áṫ aig beul an loiċ? 6. ní
ḃ-fuil áṫ ann. 7. an maġ é sin, no loċ?
8. ní maġ é, ní loċ é, aċt is sliaḃ é. 9
cad é an daiṫ is áil leat — buiḋe, liaṫ,
ruaḋ, (no dearg? 10. is áil liom an
buiḋe. 11. cad é an feiḋm tá againn
leis an sleaġ no an sleáġan? 12. tá
feiḋm ṁór againn leis. 13. ḃ-fuil
fuaċt ort? 14. ní ḃ-fuil fuaċt orm.
15. an maiṫ leat deoċ? 16. an ḃ-fuil
an feur fliuċ ó ċeo? 17. tá an feur
fliuċ ó ċeo. 18. an ḃ-fuil agad daṁ
agus tarḃ? 19. ní ḃ-fuil agam dáṁ
agus tarḃ, no daṁ allta, aċt tá aṁáin
agam bó agus laoġ liaṫ. 20. cad é an
daiṫ tá air an m-buin? 21. buiḋe. 22
is maiṫ an daiṫ, buiḋe. 23. cad é an
niḋ sliaḃ? 24. is cnoċ árd, sliaḃ. 25.
tá seun agus sonas ort.
LESSON XV.
Conjugation of the present tense of
the verb To Be, do ḃeiṫ.
The nominative case comes always af¬
ter the verb.
Present tense.
Singular
Plural.
1. tá mé, I am.
tá sinn, we are.
2. tá tú, thou art,
tá siḃ, you are.
3. tá sé, he (or it),
tá siad, they are.
is; tá sí, she (or it) is.
The following is another form, in which
the nominative is embodied in all the
persons except the third person. This
is called the Synthetic form, as the
foregoing is called the Analytic:
táim, I am.
támuid, we are.
táir, thou art.
táṫaoi, you are.
tá sé, he (or it) is;
taid, they are.
tá sí, she (or it) is.
The Interrogative Form.
an ḃ-fuilim, am I?
an ḃ fuilir, art thou?
an ḃ-fuil sé, is he.
an ḃ-fuil-muid, are we?
an ḃ-fuil-iḋ, are you?
an ḃ-fuil-id, are they?
Or, taking the third person singular,
ḃ-fuil, is, and placing the personal pro¬
noun — mé, I; tú, thou; sé, he, (it); sí,
she, (it); sinn, we; siḃ, you; siad, they,
after it, this interrogative form is gone
through in the simple Analytic way,
as —
ḃ-fuil mé, am I?
ḃ-fuil tú, art thou.
ḃ-fuil sé, is he?
ḃ-fuil sinn, are we?
ḃ-fuil siḃ, are you?
ḃ-fuil siad, are they
When an assertion is made, is, is,
with the personal pronouns is the form
adopted; as, is mé, it is I; is tú, it is
thou; is é, it is he; is sinn, it is we;
is siḃ, it is you; is siad, it is they.
This is is omitted, as has been obser¬
ved (see 8th Lesson, Obs. 3. page 26)
when any of the particles of asking or
denying, or the like, are employed; as,
who (is) God, cia h-é Dia? is, after cia,
is omitted; cad é an niḋ an eaglais,
what is the church? is is omitted after
cad, what
The present tense, as it is formed re¬
gularly from the root bi, be thou, is biḋ¬
im which implies a state of continu¬
ance in present existence, as —
biḋim, I am wont to be.
biḋir, thou art wont to be.
biḋ sé, he is wont to be.
biḋmuid, we are wont to be.
biḋ-iḋ, you are wont to be.
biḋ-id, they are wont to be.
