AN GAOḊAL.
35
GRAIMEUR GAEḊILGE.
Cad é an níḋ graimeur?
An t-ealáḋan a ṁúineas an t-sliġe
ċum teanga do laḃairt réir riaġluġaḋ
míniġṫe cinnte,
Tá Graimeur roinnte ann a ċeire
ċuid; éaḋan, Ceart-sgríoḃ, Fréim-ḟoc-
al, Cóiriuġaḋ, agus Dán-eolas.
Tráċduiġeann Ceart-sgríoḃ air leit-
reaċaiḃ, Fréim-ḟocal air ḟoclaiḃ, Cóir-
uġaḋ air Rannaiḃ, agus Dán-eolas air
Ḃárdaċd.
AN ĊEUD ĊUID.
CEART-SGRÍOḂ.
Tráċduiġeann Ceart-sgríoḃ air leit-
reaċaiḃ.
Tá leitreaċa na g-coṁarṫa sgríoḃṫa
ċum fuaim an ḟocail a ṫaisbeánaḋ.
Tá leiureaċa gaċ Teangan ainmniġ¬
ṫe a h-Aibidil.
Tá seaċd leitir ḋeug anns an Aib-
idil Ġaeḋilge, i. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, i, l,
m, n, o, p, r, s, t, u.
ROINN NA LÉITREAĊAḊ.
Tá na leitreaċa roinnte 'nn a ḃ-Ḟoġ-
araiḃ agus ann a g-coṁ-Ḟoġaraiḃ.
Tá a, e, i, o, u, na ḃ-Ḟoġaraiḋ, agus
an ċuid eile na g-coṁ-Ḟoġaraiḃ.
Tá na Foġaraiḋ roinnte ann ḋá ċuid:
LEAṪAN AGUS CAOL.
Tá a, o, u, Leaṫan, agus e, i, Caol — leaṫ-
nuiġeann no caoluiġeann siad so fuaim
na g-coṁ-Ḟoġaraiḋ a ṫigeas rómpa no
na n-diaiḋ.
Aṫruiġeann naoi de na coṁ-ḟoġar-
aiḃ a ḃ-fuaim air ṗunċ a ċur os a g-cionn.
Glaoiḋtear Garḃuġaḋ air an aṫruġaḋ
seo. Is féidir b, c, d, f, g, m, p, s, t, a
ġarḃuġaḋ; ní féidir l, n, r, a ġarḃuġaḋ.
Glaoiḋtear Dá-ḟoġar air aondaċd
ḋá ḟoġara ann aon ḟúaim aṁáin,
agus aondaċd trí ḟoġara, Trio-ḟoġar,
Ní aṫruiġeann na sé Dá-ḟoġara seo
a ḃ-fuaim air aon ċor. — ae, ao, eo, eu,
ia, ua.
IRISH GRAMMAR.
TRANSLATION
What is grammar?
The science which teaches the mode
of speaking a language according to
certain defined rules.
Grammar is divided into four parts ;
namely, Orthography, Etymology, Syn¬
tax, and Prosody.
Orthography treats of Letters, Ety-
mology of Words, Syntax of Sentences,
and Prosody of Versification.
FIRST PART.
ORTHOGRAPHY.
Orthography treats of Letters.
Letters are written signs used to rep-
resent the sound of the voice.
The letters of any Language are call-
ed its Alphabet.
The Irish Alphabet consists seven-
teen letters, viz.— a, b, c, d, e, f, g, i,
l, m, n, o, p, r, s, t, u.
DIVISION OF THE LETTERS.
The letters are divided into vowels
and Consonants.
A, e, i, o, u, are Vowels, the remain¬
der are Consonants.
The Vowels are divided into two di¬
visions — Broad and Slender; a o u are
Broad, e and i Slender. These impart
a Broad or a Slender sound to the Con-
sonants which precede or follow them.
Nine of the Consonants change their
sound by placing a point over them —
this change is called Aspiration. b c d
f g m p s t may be aspirated; I n r can
not.
The union of two vowels in one
sound is called a Diphthong; union of
three vowels, Triphthong.
These six Diphthongs never vary in
sound. — ae, ao, eu, eo, ia, ua.
