AN GAOḊAL
297
SECOND BOOK, (Continued.)
EXERCISE 5. Ġ.
ġ broad and slender, sound exactly
like ḋ. In the middle and end of
words ġ is quiescent, but lengthens
the preceding vowel.
Aġ, see rule for aḋ.
Pronounced.
aġaiḋ, a face, eye.
amuiġ, outside, a-muh.
astiġ, inside, a-sthih.
deaġ, good, dhaw.
fóġluim, learning, fo-luim.
foiġid, patience, fi-idh.
laoġ, a calf, lhee.
ríġ, a king, ree.
sóġ, pleasure, so.
tír-ġráḋ, patriotism, theer-yraw.
aca, at them; sí, she , tír, a country.
1. Ḃí an laoġ buiḋe. 2. tá sé astiġ.
3. ḃí sí amuiġ. 4. aġaiḋ agus croiḋe.
5. tá deaġ-ríġ aca. 6. tá tír-ġráḋ ag¬
aiḃ. 7. fóġluim Gaeḋilge. 8. tír-ġráḋ
agus foiġid. 9. ḃí áḋ agus sóġ orraiḃ
10. amuiġ agus astiġ.
1. The calf was yellow. 2. He is in¬
side. 3. She was outside. 4. Face and
heart. 5. They have a good king. 6.
You have patriotism. 7. Learn Irish.
8. Patriotism and patience. 9. Luck
and pleasure were on you. 10. Out¬
side and inside.
EXERCISE 6. Ṁ.
Ṁ broad in the beginning of a word
is pronounced in the South like v, in
the North and West like w. In the
middle of words it is sounded very
nasal.
Ṁ slender always sounds like v.
When "final”, ṁ broad or slender is
usually sounded like v. The differ¬
ence between the sonnds of ḃ and ṁ
(both dotted) is that ṁ is generally
nasal.
aṁáin, only, ah wawin.
anaṁ, seldom, ahn-uv.
árd-ṁeas, high regard, awrdh-vas.
dáṁ, an ox, dawv.
fearaṁail, manly, farwill.
follaṁ, empty, foluv.
láṁ, a hand, lawuv.
naoṁ, a saint, nheyuv.
seasṁaċ, firm, steadfast, shashwagh.
seunṁar, prosperous, shaynwar.
talaṁ, earth, thaluv.
air, on, on him ; an, whether; aon,
one ; árd, high ; meas, regard; tirm,
dry; no, or, nor.
1. Láṁ láidir. 2. aon láṁ aṁáin.
3. Ḃí an láṁ follaṁ. 4. is anaṁ tá
sé follaṁ. 5. an daṁ agus an tarḃ.
6. Ḃí árd-ṁeas air an naoṁ. 7 an
follaṁ nó lan é 8. an tallaṁ tirm.
9. is seunṁar an duinne é. 10. is
seasṁaċ agus is fearaṁail an cara é.
1. A strong hand. 2. One hand on¬
ly. 3. The hand was empty. 5. It is
seldom it is empty. 5. The ox and
the bull. 6. There was high regard on
the saint. 7. Whether is it empty or
full? 8. The dry earth. 9. He is a
prosperous man. 10. He is a firm and
manly friend.
EXERCISE 7. Ṗ.
Ṗ has exactly the sound of f.
ceud-ṗroinn, breakast, kayudh-frin.
long-ṗort, a camp, lhung-furth.
mór-ṗian, great pain, more-feeun.
ann, in it. therein; annsin, there, in
that; annso, here, in this; annsúd, in
yonder place, there ; caoin, gentle;
long, a ship; mór, great; páiste, child;
péist, a reptile; pian, pain; port, fort;
proinn, dinner, a meal; séire, supper;
ull, great.
1. Péist agus ull-ṗéist. 2. ull-ṗéist
duḃ. 3, ḃí mór-ṗian orm. 4. pian agus
mór-ṁian. 5. port agus long-ṗort. 6. ḃí
long-ṗort agaiḃ ann. 7. proinn agus
ceud-ṗroinn. 8. proinn agus séire. 9.
cuir ceud-ṗroinn annso. 10 caoin-ṗáiste
1. a reptile and a monster. 2. a black
monster. 3. great pain was on me 5.
a fort and a camp. 6. you had a camp
there. 7. dinner and breakfast. 8. din¬
ner and supper. 9. put breakast here
10. a gentle child.
