AN GAODHAL.
35
GRAIMEUR GAEDHILGE.
Cad é an nídh graimeur?
An t-ealádhan a mhúineas an t-slighe
chum teanga do labhairt réir riaghlughadh
mínighthe cinnte,
Tá Graimeur roinnte ann a cheire
chuid; éadhan, Ceart-sgríobh, Fréim-fhoc-
al, Cóiriughadh, agus Dán-eolas.
Tráchduigheann Ceart-sgríobh air leit-
reachaibh, Fréim-fhocal air fhoclaibh, Cóir-
ughadh air Rannaibh, agus Dán-eolas air
Bhárdachd.
AN CHEUD CHUID.
CEART-SGRÍOBH.
Tráchduigheann Ceart-sgríobh air leit-
reachaibh.
Tá leitreacha na g-comhartha sgríobhtha
chum fuaim an fhocail a thaisbeánadh.
Tá leiureacha gach Teangan ainmnigh¬
the a h-Aibidil.
Tá seachd leitir dheug anns an Aib-
idil Ghaedhilge, i. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, i, l,
m, n, o, p, r, s, t, u.
ROINN NA LÉITREACHADH.
Tá na leitreacha roinnte 'nn a bh-Fhogh-
araibh agus ann a g-comh-Fhogharaibh.
Tá a, e, i, o, u, na bh-Fhogharaidh, agus
an chuid eile na g-comh-Fhogharaibh.
Tá na Fogharaidh roinnte ann dhá chuid:
LEATHAN AGUS CAOL.
Tá a, o, u, Leathan, agus e, i, Caol — leath-
nuigheann no caoluigheann siad so fuaim
na g-comh-Fhogharaidh a thigeas rómpa no
na n-diaidh.
Athruigheann naoi de na comh-fhoghar-
aibh a bh-fuaim air phunch a chur os a g-cionn.
Glaoidhtear Garbhughadh air an athrughadh
seo. Is féidir b, c, d, f, g, m, p, s, t, a
gharbhughadh; ní féidir l, n, r, a gharbhughadh.
Glaoidhtear Dá-fhoghar air aondachd
dhá fhoghara ann aon fhúaim amháin,
agus aondachd trí fhoghara, Trio-fhoghar,
Ní athruigheann na sé Dá-fhoghara seo
a bh-fuaim air aon chor. — ae, ao, eo, eu,
ia, ua.
IRISH GRAMMAR.
TRANSLATION
What is grammar?
The science which teaches the mode
of speaking a language according to
certain defined rules.
Grammar is divided into four parts ;
namely, Orthography, Etymology, Syn¬
tax, and Prosody.
Orthography treats of Letters, Ety-
mology of Words, Syntax of Sentences,
and Prosody of Versification.
FIRST PART.
ORTHOGRAPHY.
Orthography treats of Letters.
Letters are written signs used to rep-
resent the sound of the voice.
The letters of any Language are call-
ed its Alphabet.
The Irish Alphabet consists seven-
teen letters, viz.— a, b, c, d, e, f, g, i,
l, m, n, o, p, r, s, t, u.
DIVISION OF THE LETTERS.
The letters are divided into vowels
and Consonants.
A, e, i, o, u, are Vowels, the remain¬
der are Consonants.
The Vowels are divided into two di¬
visions — Broad and Slender; a o u are
Broad, e and i Slender. These impart
a Broad or a Slender sound to the Con-
sonants which precede or follow them.
Nine of the Consonants change their
sound by placing a point over them —
this change is called Aspiration. b c d
f g m p s t may be aspirated; I n r can
not.
The union of two vowels in one
sound is called a Diphthong; union of
three vowels, Triphthong.
These six Diphthongs never vary in
sound. — ae, ao, eu, eo, ia, ua.
