106
AN GAODHAL.
GRAIMEUR GAEDHILGE-
BUNADHAS-
AN T-ALT.
Ní'l acht aon alt amháin anns an
Teanga Ghaedhilge, an cinteach "an." Is
ionan é agus an t-alt cinteach "the” a
m-béarla Sacsain. Athruighthear "an"
do "na" roimh ainmneachaibh dúbalta;
air an ádhbhar sin is sé "na" an t-alt
dúbalta; mar, na fir, na cosa.
Deuntar úsáide de 'n alt dúbalta
roimh ainmnaeachaibh singil anns an gcás
geinte beandha; mar, bróg na coise
deise — cos, cás gairmneach; coise, cás
geinte.
Coimheasgthar agus giorruighthear an
t-alt go coitchíonnta le foclaibh eile;
mar, "san" m-bealach ; no fós níos gior¬
radh, "sa" m-bealach. Air na h-ócáidibh
seo, tá sé coimheasgthadh leis an fhréimh-
fhocal a theidheas roimhe; tá "san m-beal-
ach” agus "sa m-bealach" giorruighthe ó
anns an m-bealach. Tóigeann an reimh-
fhocal ann" s ann a dhiaigh nuair a thig-
eas sé air a b-puinte roimh an alt.
Teilgthear go minic an t- "ann" a leig
mar a tá taisbeánta shuas, agus mar
ghramuigheas an t-s agus an t-alt, no
roinn de 'n alt, le chéile, deanan sé min¬
iughadh an dá fhocail.
AN T-AINM.
Glaoightear Ainm air ainm éin nidh a
bh-feudthar smuainiughadh air.
Roinntear an t-Ainm ann a dhá chin¬
eál, speisialta agus coitchíonnta, mar
taid sa m-béarla Sacsain. Glaoightear
ainm speisialta air nidh nach bh-fuil coit-
chionta ann féin ; Séamus, Bail'-áth-chliath
an Siur; Glaoightear ainm coitchíonnta
air nidh a tá coitchíonnta ann féin, mar
cailín, cathair, amhain.
Fearta an anma. — tá feart geint-
each, uibhreach, pearsanach agus cásach
aig an ainm; tá feart geinte aige ó
thaisbeánas sé gné; uibhreach ó thainbeán¬
as sé singleacht no dúbaltacht; pear-
sanacht ó thaisbeánas sé baint an anma
de ' phearsain, agus cásach ó thaisbheánas
sé baint an anma do 'n bhriathar, do 'n
reimh-fhocal, agus do ainmeachaibh eile.
ENGLISH GRAMMAR
SECOND PART:
ETYMOLOGY
THE ARTICLE.
There is only one article in the Irish
language, the definite an. It corres-
ponds to the English definite, “the."
An becomes na before plural nouns,
an, therefore, is the plural form ; as,
na fir, the men, na cosa, the feet
The plural form of the article is u¬
sed before a singular noun feminine in
the Genitive case: as, bróg na coise
deise, the shoe of the right foot; cos,
nominative; coise, genitive singular.
The Article is often contracted and
compounded with other words, thus. —
san m-bealach, in the way; or, shorter
still, sa m-bealach. In such cases it is
compounded with the preposition com-
ing before it; san m-bealach and sa m-
bealach are contractions of anns an m-
bealach, in the way. ann, the preppos¬
tion “in,” takes an s after it when it
immediately precedes the article.
Sometimes, as above indicated, the
ann is entirely omitted, and the s, co¬
alescing with the article, or a part of
it, expresses both.
THE NOUN
is the name of any person, place or
thing, and is divided into two classes,
Proper and Common.
Proper noun is a name given to on-
ly one of a class or object; as, James,
Dublin, the Siur. Common noun is a
name given to any one of a class of ob¬
jects; as, girl, city, river.
Nouns have Attributes of Gender,
Number, Person and Case. A noun has
the attribute of Gender from its ex-
pressing sex: the attribute of Number
by expressing unity or plurality; of
Person from its expressing the relation
of the noun to the speaker: and of
Case by its expressing the relation of
the noun to some verb, preposition, or
other noun.
