474
AN GAODHAL.
reach the top, and, also the number of feet nec¬
essary to move out the ladder to lower the top to
the upper story windows.
3rd. Pavers ought to understand the num¬
ber of paving stones of various dimensions necess¬
ary to pave a square perch, and thence a street or
plaza. — Hence,
Having the diameter of a circle to find the cir¬
cumference,
Rule — Say as 7 is to 22 so is the diameter to
the circumference.
Having the circumference to find the diameter,
Say, as 22 is to 7, so is the circumference to the
diameter.
To find the area of a circle.
Rule I. — Multiply half the circumference by
half the diameter and the product will be the area
of the circle
Rule II. — Multiply the square of the diameter
by the decimal .7854, and the product will be the
area.
To find the area of any triangle.
Rule — From half the sum of the three sides sub¬
tract each side separately, then multiply the half
sum and the three remainders together and the
square root of the last product will be the area of
the triangle.
To find the area of a parallelogram.
Rule — Multiply the length by the breadth for
the area.
To find the area of any piece of ground.
Rule — Divide the ground into triangles and par¬
allelograms, find their respective areas by the fore¬
going rules, which, added together, will be the
aren of the whole.
In regard to geographical questions, we would
recommend candidates to procure a copy of “Geo¬
graphy Generalized published by the commissioners
of National Education in Ireland, because it gives
a more minute description of the multitudinous is¬
lands of the Grecian Archipellago, and also the
family relations of the crowned heads of Europe,
than our American geographies.
We shall give some additional rules in our next
issue.
These remarks also, are applicable to those see¬
king employment under the Federal govern¬
ment.
Bh and mh sound like w when followed
or preceded by a, o, u, as, a bhárd, his
bard, pronounced a wardh; a mhart,
his beef or ox, pronounced, a warth ;
and like v when preceded by e, i, as,
a bhean, his wife, pronounced, a van, a
mhian, his desire, pronounced, a vee-un
Dh and gh sound like y at the beginning
of a word; they are almost silent in
the middle and perfectly so at the end
of words. Ch sounds like ch; ph, like f;
sh and th like h ; and fh is silent.
COMPARATIVE TABLES.
Age, population, &c. of the following Nations —
Age: United States dating from the Declaration of
Independence 100 years, Great Britain, dating
from Wm. the Conqueror, 800: France dating from
Charlemagne 1100: Russia, from Peter the Great
350, Austria from Charlemagne 1100.
Population — United States, 50,160,000, Britain
34,000,000, France 37,000,000, Germany, 45,000,¬
090, Russia 82,000,000, Austria 39,000,000.
Wealth — United States $55,000,000,000, Britain
$45,000,000,000 France $40,000,000,000, Germany
twenty-five billion, Russia fourteen billions, Au-
stria fourteen billions.
Production — United States fifteen billions Bri-
tain five billions France four and one half billions,
Germany four billions, Russia three billions and
three hundred millions, Austria two billions and
five hundred millions.
The above were used during the last session
of Congress. We gave the debt in the last issue.
He is a dirty bird that fouls its own nest. Since
the exposition of the London scandals, the Brook¬
lyn Eagle (the filthy bird) is trying to make it ap¬
pear that this country is equally as bad as Eng¬
land. No, thank God, the English element is not
numerous enough for that. The wonder is that
our people would tolerate the existence of the au¬
thor of such villainous libel on their fair fame.
Mar bhídheamar a críochnúgh'dh an uibhir
seo fuairmuid smuainte cáird'mhuil ó
Cumann Gaedhilge Cathair Kansas, trí
E. O'Cuinnigheam. Buidheachas. — Foilseoir
DO YOU KNOW
THAT
LORILLARD'S CLIMAX
Plug Tobacco
with Red Tin Tag, Rose Leaf Fine Cut Chewing,
Navy Clippings, and Black, Brown and Yellow
SNUFFS are the best and cheapest, quality con¬
sidered?
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